Crash (2004 film)

Crash is a 2004 American drama film produced, directed, and co-written by Paul Haggis. The film features racial and social tensions in Los Angeles. A self-described "passion piece" for Haggis, Crash was inspired by a real-life incident, in which his Porsche was carjacked in 1991 outside a video store on Wilshire Boulevard.[3]

The film features an ensemble cast, including Sandra Bullock, Don Cheadle, Matt Dillon, Jennifer Esposito, William Fichtner, Brendan Fraser, Terrence Howard, Chris "Ludacris" Bridges, Thandie Newton, Michael Peña, and Ryan Phillippe. Matt Dillon was particularly praised for his performance and received Academy Award, BAFTA, Golden Globe, and Screen Actors Guild Award nominations for Best Supporting Actor. Additionally, the cast won the Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture. The film received six Academy Award nominations, and won three for Best Picture, Best Original Screenplay, and Best Film Editing at the 78th Academy Awards. It was also nominated for nine BAFTA awards, and won two, for Best Original Screenplay and Best Supporting Actress for Thandie Newton.

Plot
The movie begins with Detective Graham Waters (Don Cheadle) and his partner Ria (Jennifer Esposito) being involved in a minor collision with a car being driven by Kim Lee (Alexis Rhee). A subsequent exchange of racially charged insults occurs. Waters arrives at a crime scene where the body of a "dead kid" has been discovered. Earlier the previous day, Farhad (Shaun Toub), a Persian shop owner, and his daughter Dorri (Bahar Soomekh) are in a gun shop arguing over what bullets they should buy. The gun store owner grows impatient and degrades the two of them by referring to Farhad as "Osama." Farhad is forced to leave the store and Dorri becomes responsible for the choice.

Later that night, two black men, Anthony (Ludacris) and Peter (Larenz Tate), carjack District Attorney Rick Cabot (Brendan Fraser) and his wife Jean (Sandra Bullock). At the couple's house, the Hispanic locksmith Daniel Ruiz (Michael Peña) overhears Jean arguing with Rick, demanding that the locks be changed again as she suspects that Daniel is a gangster due to his tattoos and outfit. Daniel places the keys of the old locks on the kitchen counter and leaves.

Sergeant John Ryan (Matt Dillon) and his partner Officer Tom Hansen (Ryan Phillippe) pull over an SUV being driven by director Cameron Thayer (Terrence Howard) and his wife Christine (Thandie Newton), who was performing fellatio on him. After an intoxicated Christine mouths off to Ryan, he subjects the couple to a body search. Ryan molests Christine in front of her husband and Hansen who watches in disgust. Ryan releases them with a warning after Cameron apologizes.

In the carjacked SUV, Anthony and Peter hit a Korean man Park while passing a parked van, dump him in front of a hospital, and drive away. Daniel's next call is to replace a lock at Farhad's shop, but when Daniel warns Farhad that the real problem is the door, Farhad won't listen. The next day, Farhad finds that his store has been wrecked and defaced with graffiti. Waters gets a phone call from his drug-abusing mother while having sex with his partner, Ria, which leads to an argument about her ethnicity. Waters later visits his mother, who asks him to find his missing younger brother.

Ryan comes across a car accident and as he crawls into the overturned vehicle, he finds Christine trapped. Although she resists frantically at first, with the help of his partner and spectators, Ryan pulls the terrified Christine out just as her car bursts into flames. Anthony and Peter carjack another navigator, which happens to be Cameron's. Only after opening the door do they realize that Cameron is black. Police officers arrive on the scene and a chase ends with Cameron and Anthony in Cameron's car on a dead end residential street. Hansen is one of the pursuing officers and, out of guilt for the part he played in the assault of Cameron's wife, vouches for Cameron to be let off with a warning. Cameron expresses shame toward Anthony for his criminal lifestyle and drops him off near a bus stop.

Farhad locates Daniel's house and waits in ambush, but as he confronts Daniel and shoots, Daniel's daughter jumps into Daniel's arms, attempting to protect her father. Everyone watches in horror as Daniel clutches his daughter, but they soon realize that she has not been shot and the family retreats inside. Farhad tells his daughter that he believes the little girl was his guardian angel, preventing him from committing a terrible crime. He gives the gun to his daughter who is then seen going over near the cash register to retrieve the box of gun cartridges that her father had not known were actually blanks. Hansen pulls over to pick up a hitchhiking Peter, who fled from the carjacking that took place earlier. Throughout the drive Hansen becomes more and more suspicious of Peter's intentions. Peter offends Hansen by suddenly beginning to laugh, and when Peter reaches for his pocket, Hansen shoots. In Peter's hand is a statuette similar to the one on Hansen's dash and, horrified, Hansen hides the body in some nearby bushes and burns his car. Waters arrives at the scene with his partner and the connection is made that Peter is his missing brother and the "dead boy.". Waters is disowned by his mother for not finding Peter alive.

Anthony decides to steal the van of the Korean man he accidentally hit and, when he drops it off at a chop shop he frequents, he discovers a number of Cambodian immigrants locked in the back of the van. The chop shop owner offers him $500 per immigrant but Anthony has other plans. After driving into Chinatown and setting the Cambodian people free, he passes by a car crash where, once again, an exchange of racially charged insults takes place.

Main cast

 * Sandra Bullock as Jean Cabot
 * Don Cheadle as Det. Graham Waters
 * Matt Dillon as Sgt. John Ryan
 * Jennifer Esposito as Ria
 * Brendan Fraser as D.A. Rick Cabot
 * Terrence Howard as Cameron Thayer
 * Ludacris as Anthony
 * Thandie Newton as Christine Thayer
 * Michael Peña as Daniel Ruiz
 * Ryan Phillippe as Officer Tom Hansen
 * Larenz Tate as Peter Waters

Supporting cast

 * Shaun Toub as Farhad
 * Bahar Soomekh as Dorri
 * Ashlyn Sanchez as Lara Ruiz
 * Karina Arroyave as Elizabeth Ruiz
 * Loretta Devine as Shaniqua Johnson
 * Beverly Todd as Mrs. Waters
 * William Fichtner as Flanagan
 * Keith David as Lt. Dixon
 * Daniel Dae Kim as Park
 * Nona Gaye as Karen
 * Bruce Kirby as 'Pop' Ryan
 * Tony Danza as Fred
 * Kathleen York as Officer Johnson
 * Sylva Kelegian as Nurse Hodges
 * Marina Sirtis as Shereen

Box office
Crash had a wide release on May 6, 2005, and was a box office success in the late spring of 2005. The film had a budget of $6.5 million (plus $1 million in financing).[2] Because of the financial constraints, director Haggis filmed in his own house, borrowed a set from the TV show Monk, used his car in parts of the film, and even used cars from other staff members.[citation needed] The film grossed $53.4 million domestically, making back more than seven times its budget.[2] Despite its success in relation to its cost, Crash was the lowest-grossing film at the domestic box office to win Best Picture since The Last Emperor in 1987.[citation needed]

Critical response
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 74% based on 236 reviews, with an average score of 7.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "A raw and unsettling morality piece on modern angst and urban disconnect, Crash examines the dangers of bigotry and xenophobia in the lives of interconnected Angelenos."[4] On Metacritic the film has a score of 69 out of 100, based on 36 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[5]According to CinemaScore, audiences gave the film a grade of "A−" on an A+ to F scale.[6]

Roger Ebert gave the film 4/4 stars and described it as "a movie of intense fascination",[7] listing it as the best film of 2005. The film also ranks at #460 in Empire 's 2008 poll of the "500 Greatest Films of All Time".[8]

Some later reviews of Crash have been less favorable. Cultural critic Ta-Nehisi Coates criticized the film as shallow and "unthinking," naming Crash "the worst film of the decade."[9] The film has been critiqued for depicting the Persian shopkeeper as a "deranged, paranoid individual who is only redeemed by what he believes is a mystical act of God."[10] The film has also been criticized for using multicultural and sentimentalist imagery to cover over material and "historically sedimented inequalities" that continue to affect different racial groups in Los Angeles.[11]

In 2010, the Independent Film & Television Alliance selected Crash as one of the 30 Most Significant Independent Films of the last 30 years.[12]

Top ten lists
Crash was listed on many critics' top ten lists.[13]
 * 1st – Roger Ebert, Chicago Sun-Times
 * 1st – Steve Davis, Austin Chronicle
 * 3rd – Kevin Thomas, Los Angeles Times
 * 3rd – Richard Roeper, Ebert & Roeper[14]
 * 3rd – Ella Taylor, L.A. Weekly
 * 4th – Stephen Hunter, Washington Post
 * 6th – Christy Lemire, Associated Press[15]
 * 7th – Claudia Puig, USA Today
 * 8th – Richard Schickel, Time Magazine
 * 8th – Lisa Schwarzbaum, Entertainment Weekly
 * 9th – Peter Travers, Rolling Stone

Oscar controversy
Crash won the Best Picture Oscar at the 78th Academy Awards, controversially beating the critically favored Brokeback Mountain and making it only the second film ever (the other being The Sting) to win the Academy Award for Best Picture without having been nominated for any of the three Golden Globe Awards for Best Motion Picture (Best Drama, Best Comedy/Musical and Best Foreign Film).

The film's use of moral quandary as a storytelling medium was widely reported as ironic, since many saw it as the "safe" alternative to Brokeback Mountain, the plot of which focused on gay cowboys. Critic Kenneth Turan suggested that Crash benefited from anti-gay discomfort among Academy members,[16][17]while critic Roger Ebert was of a different opinion, arguing that the better film won that year.

Film Comment magazine placed Crash first on their list of "Worst Winners of Best Picture Oscars", followed by Slumdog Millionaire at #2, and Chicago at #3.[18] Similarly, a 2014 survey of film critics by The Atlantic identified the film's victory as among the most glaring mistakes made by the Academy Awards.[19]

In 2015, The Hollywood Reporter polled hundreds of Academy members, asking them to re-vote on past controversial decisions. For the 2006 Best Picture winner, Brokeback Mountain beat Crash and the other nominees.[20]

In a 2015 interview, Paul Haggis commented: "Was [Crash] the best film of the year? I don't think so. There were great films that year. Good Night, and Good Luck – amazing film. Capote – terrific film. Ang Lee's Brokeback Mountain, great film. And Spielberg's Munich. I mean please, what a year. Crash, for some reason, affected people, it touched people. And you can't judge these films like that. I'm very glad to have those Oscars. They're lovely things. But you shouldn't ask me what the best film of the year was because I wouldn't be voting for Crash, only because I saw the artistry that was in the other films. Now however, for some reason that's the film that touched people the most that year. So I guess that's what they voted for, something that really touched them. And I'm very proud of the fact that Crash does touch you. People still come up to me more than any of my films and say: 'That film just changed my life.' I've heard that dozens and dozens and dozens of times. So it did its job there. I mean, I knew it was the social experiment that I wanted, so I think it's a really good social experiment. Is it a great film? I don't know".[21]

Accolades
Crash was nominated for six awards at the 78th Academy Awards and won three, including the win for Best Picture. It was nominated for two Golden Globe Awards, one for Best Supporting Actor (Matt Dillon) and the other for Best Screenplay (Paul Haggis and Robert Moresco).

Other awards include Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture at the 2005 Screen Actors Guild Awards; Best Original Screenplay at the Writers Guild of America Awards 2005; Best Original Screenplay and Best Supporting Actress (Newton) at the 59th British Academy Film Awards; Best Writer at the Critics' Choice Awards; Outstanding Motion Picture and Outstanding Actor in a Leading Role (Howard) at the Black Movie Awards; Best First Feature and Best Supporting Male (Dillon) at the Independent Spirit Awards; Best Cast and Best Writer at the Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards; and Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Motion Picture (Howard) and Outstanding Motion Picture at the NAACP Image Awards.

Score
All songs were written and composed by Mark Isham, except where noted. The original score was released through labels Gut and Colosseum in 2005. The iTunes release is the complete score released through Yari Music Group, and has the cues isolated and in film order (unlike the commercial score CD which is edited, incomplete, in a different order, and in suite form).[22]

Soundtrack
The soundtrack's title is Crash: Music from and Inspired by the Film. Note: The country song playing during the carjacking scene is "Whiskey Town" by Moot Davis.

Home media
Crash was released on DVD on September 6, 2005, in widescreen and fullscreen one-disc versions, with a number of bonus features, including a music video by KansasCali (now known as The Rocturnals) for the song "If I..." from the soundtrack. The director's cut of the film was released in a two-disc special edition DVD on April 4, 2006, with more bonus content than the one-disc set. The director's cut is three minutes longer than the theatrical cut. The scene where Daniel is talking with his daughter under her bed is extended and a new scene is added with officer Hansen in the police station locker room.[citation needed]

The film also was released in a limited edition VHS version. It was the last film to win the Academy Award for Best Picture to be released in VHS format.[citation needed] It was also the first Best Picture winner to be released on Blu-ray Disc in the US, on June 27, 2006.[23]

Television series
Main article: Crash (2008 TV series)

A 13-episode series premiered on the Starz network on October 17, 2008. The series features Dennis Hopper as a record producer in Los Angeles, California, and how his life is connected to other characters in the city, including a police officer (Ross McCall) and his partner, actress-turned-police officer, Arlene Tur. The cast consists of a Brentwood mother (Clare Carey), her real-estate developer husband (D. B. Sweeney), a former gang member-turned-EMT (Brian Tee), a street-smart driver (Jocko Sims), an undocumented Guatemalanimmigrant (Luis Chavez), and a detective (Nick Tarabay).[24]